the ultimate jargon buster - 4/7
I…
I/O (Input/Output)
Ports on a computer used to connect input and output devices.
ICC
The industry standard for accurate color reproduction across devices.
iCloud
Apple’s suite of online services for syncing data across devices.
Identifier
A formal name in source code referring to variables, functions, or procedures.
If
A programming structure for implementing conditional statements.
IGP
A graphics chip integrated into a computer’s motherboard.
Image cache
A section of hard disk space used as virtual memory to speed up on-screen redraws.
Image mode
The color mode of an image, such as RGB or Greyscale.
Indexed Colour
Color rendered using a pixel value as an index to a panel of 256 or fewer colors.
Input Device
Any device providing input to a computer, such as a keyboard or mouse.
Integer
A data type for integer values.
Interlacing
A video display system where each frame is divided into two fields of odd and even scan lines.
Internet
A global system of interconnected computer networks using the TCP/ IP protocol suite.
Interpolation
Software-based addition of pixels between original ones to increase image size.
Interpreter
A program that executes another program written in a non-machine language.
iOS
The operating system used by all Apple iPhone devices since their launch, with a new update released on an annual basis.
IP Address
IP addresses are unique strings of numbers assigned to internet-connected devices for identification and communication.
iPadOS
The name given to Apple’s operating system that is used on their Pad tablet devices.
ISO
A measure of light sensitivity for he CCD or sensor in digital photography.
ISP
The company providing Internet access
J…
Jaggies
Jagged diagonal lines appearing in low-resolution pictures due to the square nature of pixels.
JavaScript
Programming language crucial for web development, enabling interactive website elements.
JPEG
A common algorithm and file format for compressing images.
JPEG compression
A lossy technique that reduces image data and file size.
K…
Kbps
Kilobits Per Second; 8 times less data than Kilobytes per second.
Kilobyte
A unit of measurement equal to 1,024 bytes.
L...
LAN
A network limited to a small area like a home or office
Landscape mode
An exposure setting for wide photos or holding the camera horizontally.
Latency
The time it takes for a data packet to move across a network connection.
Layer
A mechanism for overlaying images like transparent sheets of glass.
Layer group
A collection of layers saved together within an image.
Layer mask
A protected area in a layer where underlying content cannot be edited.
Large Language Model
Al models such as ChatGPT are trained on huge amounts of text data to help them understand and create text that sounds just like it was written by a human.
LCD
A display technology used for camera monitors and viewfinders.
Levels
Functionality for adjusting color, tone, shadows, and highlights.
Li-ion
A type of rechargeable battery that does not suffer from "memory effectỊ
Library
A collection of pre-written code saving time for programmers during development.
Link Editor
A program that assembles compiler-generated objects into a single executable.
Linux
A free, open-source operating system.
Locked layer
A layer that cannot be changed, indicated by a lock icon.
Loop
A routine where code is executed repeatedly.
Lossless compression
An image-compression technique that prevents data loss and degradation.
Lossy compression
A technique using high compression ratios that result in the loss of some image data.
Luminance
Lightness; technically the highest plus lowest RGB values divided by two.
M..
Machine Code
Instructions directly understandable by a computer's CPU.
Macro mode
A setting used for taking extreme close-up photographs.
Apple’s email client capable of handling multiple account types.
Malware
Malware is malicious software designed to harm or exploit devices, services, or networks.
Manual mode
A setting giving the photographer full control over aperture and shutter speed.
Matting
A method for simulating transparency on web pages when it is not supported.
Mbps
A measure of high-bandwidth data transfer speeds.
Megahertz
A measurement commonly used for processor clock speed.
Megapixel
One million pixels; a measure of image size and resolution.
Memoji
An Apple app for creating caricatures for use on watch faces.
Memory
General term for electronic data storage facilities.
Memory card
Removable storage for digital pictures (e.g., SD, CompactFlash).
Memory Module
Another name for a RAM chip (e.g., SIMM, DIMM).
Mesh
A way to combine two wireless access points into a single network.
Messages
An Apple app handling SMS and MMS text and media messages.
Metaverse
A digital world with augmented and virtual reality interactions.
Meta Elements
HTML tags in a website's head section providing site metadata.
Method
A subroutine or function belonging to a class or object.
Metering system
How a camera measures light to determine correct exposure.
Midtone
An image area falling between the brightest highlight/ darkest shadow.
Modem
A device that converts data for transfer over telephone lines.
Module
A program linked with others to form an application.
Moire
A wavy striped pattern in an image, often an artifact of the camera.
Monitor resolution
Resolution described in pixel dimensions.
Multi-pattern metering
An exposure system that takes readings from several areas of a frame.
Multithreading
Enabling the processing of multiple threads at once.
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